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Glossary (Teilirian, Soghomon – Treaty of Gandzasar)

Teilirian, Soghomon

Soghomon Teilirian
(1896-1960) Armenian student who became symbol of Armenian revenge. His whole family was butchered in the Genocide. The only survivor, he assassinated, in 1921, Talaat-Pasha, architect of the Genocide. Tehlirian was then found not guilty by the Court of Berlin.

Thaddeus

One of the seventy disciples of the twelve Apostles of Jesus Christ. According to tradition, he brought with him to Armenia the lance with which Jesus was pierced on the cross. The sacred lance is kept to this day in the Patriarchal See museum in St.Echmiadzin. St. Thaddaeus was murdered around 66 in Edessa by order of Ananun, son of King Abgar.

Thomas Artsruni

Armenian historian of the 10th century. He wrote The History of Artsruni House.

Thomas Metsobetsi

Armenian historian of the 14-15th centuries. In his History he describes the events taking place in Armenia and Georgia during the invasions of Timur Leng.

Thoros, Prince of Cilicia

Akso known as Thoros I, Prince and ruler of Cilicia (1100-1129), son of Constantine I. He extended the borders of his principality after defeating the Seljuk Turks in Marash (1107), and Greeks in Anarzaba (1108).

Thoros Roslin

1268 Gospel of Malatia, by Thoros Roslin
(12 ??-1288) The most accomplished Armenian illuminator and calligrapher in the 13th century, he founded the famous Cilician school. His realistic manuscripts show signs of the Renaissance which began in Armenian Cilicia much earlier than in Western Europe.

Thoros II

Prince and ruler of Cilicia (1145-1169), son of Leon I. In 1139, the Byzantine Emperor John II Comnenus invaded Cilicia, captured a number of key cities and imprisoned some of the members of Leon’s family including Thoros. Leon I was forced to give himself up. 2 years later, he died in Consantinople. In 1141, Thoros escaped from Byzantine, arrived to Cilicia and proclaimed the country independent. He united the Armenian princes, reinforced the army, and defeated the Greek troops several times. By 1150-s, he was controlling most of Cilicia.

Tigranes I

King of Armenia (565-520 BC) He overthrew the Median rulers in alliance with the Persian king Cyrus the Great.

Tigranes II

Tigranes the Great
(Tigranes the Great) King of Armenia (89-55 BC). His marriage with the daughter of Mithridates the Great, king of Pontus asserted the Ponto-Armenian treaty. Tigranes II reunited the independent Armenian Kingdoms under his rule. He reorganized and reformed the Armenian army. After defeating the Parthian King, he was proclaimed King of the Kings. His conquests stretched the territory of the Armenian Kingdom from the Caspian Sea to the Mediterranean and parts of Syria and Egypt. In the 70s BC, Armenia became one of the most powerful states.
Tigranes’s expansion ended with the invasion of the Romans in 69 BC. Lukullus defeated Tigranes in the battle of Tigranakert. In 66 BC, a treaty of peace was concluded between Tigranes and Pompey the Great, which compelled Tigranes to cede some of the conquered territories.

Tigranakert

During his reign, Tigranes the Great built 4 cities and named all of them Tigranakert. The largest and the most known of them was situated on the left shore of Tigris River in Aghdznik province of Armenia (present day Turkey). The city was famous for his theater and many sumptuous buildings. In 69 BC, Tigranakert was ruined by Lucullus.

Tigranian, Armen

Armen Tigranian
(1879-1950) Armenian folk and classical music composer. His major works are Anush(1912) and David-Bek(1950) operas.

Tiridates the Great

Gates of Tiridates in Echmiadzin, in front of the residence of Catholicos.
King of Armenia (286-344) The ancient authors describe him as a warrior king with incredible physical power. Ally of Rome, he waged long and successful wars against Persia, regaining control over many of the lost territories, such as parts of Mesopotamia and Atrpatakan. In the beginning of his reign, Tiridates was a fierce persecutor of the Christians. He arrested and imprisoned Gregory the Illuminator; later he ordered to kill the Christian virgins nuns Gayane and Hripsime. By 300, Tiridates turned from a persecutor to the protector of the Christians. He released Gregory who then baptized him. In 301, Tiridates proclaimed Christianity as the sole religion in Armenia, making the country the first Christian State in the history of the world.